Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Is bone marrow cancer. Acute lymphocytic leukemia is also called acute lymphoid leukemia. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia starts after an acquired or genetic injury to the DNA of a developing stem cell in the bone marrow. Acute means Progress rapidly without treatment. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia can spread to the central nervous system, lymph nodes, and testes. After the damaged cell becomes a leukemic cell and multiplies in an uncontrolled manner into billions of cells called leukemic lymphoblasts. As a result, the number of healthy red cells, white cells, and platelets is usually lower than normal and results in Anemia, Neutropenia, and Thrombocytopenia.