Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a blood disorder characterized by low platelet counts. Platelets are the small, sticky cells that circulate in the bloodstream and help with blood clotting. In ITP, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets, leading to a decreased number of platelets in the blood. Chronic ITP is different from acute ITP, which usually develops in children after a viral infection and often goes away on its own. Chronic ITP is diagnosed when the platelet count is low for more than 12 months in adults, or 6 months in children.
Symptoms of Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
The symptoms of chronic ITP can vary from person to person, but they may include easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, and prolonged bleeding from cuts or injuries. In some cases, people with ITP may also experience fatigue, weakness, and an increased risk of infections.
Diagnosis of chronic ITP
Diagnosis of chronic ITP is usually based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Blood tests can reveal a low platelet count, and a bone marrow biopsy may be done to rule out other conditions that can cause low platelets.
Treatment of chronic ITP
Treatment for chronic ITP depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of symptoms. In some cases, no treatment is necessary, and the platelet count may return to normal on its own. For others, treatment options may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy.
In severe cases, where bleeding is a concern, a platelet transfusion may be necessary. In rare cases, surgery to remove the spleen (splenectomy) may be recommended to improve platelet counts.
care of chronic ITP patient
Living with chronic ITP can be challenging, but there are ways to manage the condition and reduce the risk of bleeding. It is important to avoid activities that can increase the risk of injury or bleeding, such as contact sports, and to use caution when taking medications that can affect platelet function, such as aspirin or blood thinners.
Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are important to monitor platelet counts and adjust treatment as needed. With proper management, most people with chronic ITP can lead full and active lives.
Medicines used for Chronic ITP Patient
- Eltrombopag
- Romiplostim
